Record changer for phonographs



April 1953 A. M. KASNOWICH 2,634,984

RECORD CHANGER FOR PHONOGRAPHS Filed 001;. 10, 1946 7 Sheets-Sheet l ATT N EY April 1953 A. M. KASNOWICH 2,634,984

RECORD CHANGER FOR PHONOGRAPHS Filed Oct. 10, 1946 7 Sheets-Sheet 2 lllllllllllllllllh {g INVENTOR W713 faazzowick ATT NEY A. M. KASNOWICH RECORD CHANGER FOR PHONOGRAPHS A ril 14, 1953 7 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed Oct. 10, 1946 ma. \WN

9% EH kw April 14, 1953 A. M. KASNOWICH 2,634,984

RECORD CHANGER FOR PHONOGRAPHS Filed Oct. 10, 1946 7 Sheets-Sheet 4 5i 0 a 26 @7 Z4 72 73 Ill L J INVENTOR April 14, 1953 A. M. KASNOWICH RECORD CHANGER FOR PHONOGRAPHS Filed Oct. 10, 1946 v 7 Sheets-Sheet 5 .95 Hum I a y l LRINVENTOR Wa /21mm Cawm ATI'ORNEY April 14, 1953 v A. M. KASNOWICH 2,634,934

RECORD CHANGER FOR PHQNOGRAPHS Filed Oct. 10, 1946 7 Sheets-Sheet '7 INVENTOR ATTORNEY "Patented Apr. 14, 1953 RECORD CHANGER/FOR PHONOGRAPHS Anthony M. Kasnowich, Grand Rapids, Mich., assignor, by mesne assignments, to A MI Incorporated, a corporation of Delaware Application OctoberlO, 1946, Serial No. 702,479

The present invention relates generally to record changers for automatic phonographs of the, general character exemplified in U. S. Patent Re. 21,514, issued July 23, 1940, to the Automatic Instrument Company, common assignee of that patent and th present invention'and application.

The present'invention relates specifically to a novel record'changer which automatically sets itself to place record discs of various diameters in position to be played, and also automatically sets itself to'play record discs of various diameters. I

The main object of the invention is to provide a record changer which can handle either inch or 12inch record discs without any manual adjustments.

Another object of the invention is to provide a record changer which can operate automatically and continuously to play both 10 inch and 12 inch record discs, eitheror both types of discs being contained in its magazine of available selections.

' It is also an object of the invention to provide a record changer which can securely grasp and transport either 10 inchor 12 inch record discs from a magazine to a turntable, before record play, and back to the magazine, after record play, withoutany manual adjustments.

. A further object of the invention is to provide a, record changer which automatically sets the tone 'arm needle or pickup at the beginning of the record groove when the disc is laid on the turntable, whether the record disc has a diameter of 1,0 inches or 12 inches. i I

One problem'solved by the present invention is broadly to provide a record changer which can handle records ofvarious diameters without the intervention of. a manual operater. The present invention in one aspect represents a solution wherein the record disc diameter itself deter,- mines the setting, so that no operator is re-' quired. The inventionincludes, of course, many other important features.

Further objects of the invention are to provide an improved mechanism for actuating the recordgrippingmembers of a record changer and to provide an improved record-gripper assembly.

Another broad object of the invention is to provide a smooth-acting and reliable mechanism for causing the gripper assembly to twist in one direction or the other during transportation of the record between magazine and turntable, thus to'determine which side of a record disc will be played.

Other objects and'capabilities of the invention 10 Claims. (01. 274-10) will become apparent from the'following description of the accompanying drawings, in which I completely disclose one illustrative embodiment of my invention.

In the drawings: 7 'Fig. 1 is a top plan view of an automatic record changer incorporating a preferred form'of 'my invention;

Fig. 2 is a front view of the record changer;

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary front view of parts of the transfer mechanism as they appear when a record is delivered to the turntable;

Fig. 4 is a sectional view (line 4'4, Fig. 3) illustrating the transfer mechanism, tone arm, turntable, grippers, setting mechanism and tone arm cam, showing in dashed lines various positions of the parts When a record'disc is delivered to the turntable;

Figs. 5 and 6'ar'e sectional views taken on lines 5-5 and 66 of Fig. 4, respectively;

Fig. 7 isa left sideelevational view (line 1--1, Fig. 1) showing the positions of the transfer mechanism, the tone arm and the mechanism for automatically setting the record changer for 10 .inch or 12 inch disc operation, when the grippers are still in that ready position, some of the parts being shown in section;

Fig. 10 is a rear (line I 0 l0, Fig. 1) view show ing the transfer mechanism when the grippers are in the ready position;

Fig. 11 is a front elevational sectional (line H -l I, Fig. 1) View of the inner gripper and the transfer mechanism, showing the positions of the parts when the grippers are relaxed or open and before a record disc is grasped from the magazine;

Fig. '12 is a top sectional view (line l2-|2, Fig.'11) of the transfer mechanism and inner gripper, showing the positions of the parts before a record disc is gripped and while the grippers are open; v

'Fig. 13 is a right end sectional elevational view (line l3-|3, Fig. 1) of the transfer mechanism, showing the positions of the parts when the grippers are ready to grasp a record disc in the magazine; g

I Fig. 14 is a right end sectional elevational view 3 (line i4i4, Fig. 1) showing the positions of the setting mechanism parts, in dashed lines for playing a -inch record and in full lines for playing a 12-inch record, just as the tone arm is being placed on the turntable.

The general plan and operation.

Referring first to Fig. 1 the record changer comprises a b-ase 20, a reciprocating record disc magazine 21, a playing turntable 22, a tone arm tions are placed in the compartments ilSi'i lBtl of the magazine 2 i. This record changer plays both sides of the discs, so that twenty selections are available. When a selection is made, rnotor 25 drives the record magazine forwardly and/or rearwardly witha reciprocating motion until. the selected record disc attains the transfer position (the record in compartment 19 i is in that position in Fig. l) When the selected record reaches that position the magazine stops, .If the record magazine is arrested froma forward motion the froiitsid'e of that record is played. If it is arrested'from a rearward motion the rear side is played. .The selector or means ,by which the selection ismade, theshafts and gearing by which motor25 drivesmagazine 2 l, and the clutches and controls by which motor 25 and magazine 21 are coupled when a selection is made and uncoupled when: the selected record reaches the transfer position are not here shown for the reason that they are fully disclosed in theaforementioned Green patent and are therefore well known to the art.

When the selected record reaches the transfer position it is grasped by the transfer mechanism 26 and placed on the turntable 22 with the proper sideu so that the desired selection is played. Motor 25 also drives thetransfer mechanism. A motion train between the transfer mechanism 26 and thetone arm 24 causes the tonearm to be placed in playing position as the selected record disc is laid on the turntable.

When the record has been played motori25 again drives the transfer mechanism 26 and causes the tone arm 24t0 be lifted off of the record disc and the record disc to be returned to the turntable- The means for coupling motor 25. to the transfer mechanism when the record disc attains the transfer position, the control means for actuating the coupling means, the means for coupling the motor to the transfer mechanism after record play is completed, and the control means for actuating the last-named coupling means, as well as the means for causing the transfer mechanism to stop at the end .of the record delivery and record-return phases need not behere shown, for the reason that they are shown in the. aforementioned Green patent and/or in my copending application Serial No. 668,682, filed in the U. S. Patent Ofiice on May 10, 1946, entitled Automatic Phonograph and assigned to the assignee of the present application and invention.

My invention resides in the transfer and gripper-actuating mechanism 26, in the gripper assembly 52 and mechanism whereby the grippers automatically handle either 10-inch or 12-inch records, in the mechanism whereby the tone arm is automaticallyset to play either lil-inch or 12-inch records, and in the mechanism for causing the mushroom l8 (Fig. 1) to twist the record in one direction or another during transportation between magazine and turntable, as well as in various combinations of my novel mechanisms with other record-changer components. Referonce is made to the aforesaid Green patent and copending application for a complete description ofthose parts ofthe record changer which need not be illustrated or described in detail in disclosing the present invention.

In View of the art to which reference has been made, this detailed disclosure of this invention begins by pointing out that shaft 29 (Fig. 1) turns in a 'counterclockwise direction, as seen front-the front, whenever a record disc is to be grasped and moved, whether from the magazine to the turntable or from the turntable to the magazine. Power to turn shaft 29 is derived from motor 25, through the motor shaft 3 l, pulley 32 belt 33 (Fig. 2), pulley 34, shaft 35, worm wheel pinion 3i, clutch 38,,(Fig. l), shaft 39, worm E6, gear M (Fig. 9);}v l't will be sfeen that shaft 29 turns whenever clutch 318' closes mot train 25, fitii, 26, but does not'jiirn wh'e'rifgth'e clutch is open. The means by which shaft'29 is powered at the proper times by open fnof clutch 3% is fully disclosed in my aforesaid c'o"-' pending application and the aboversummary as:

scription thereof is herein sufljcien't. H ,7

One broad functionof shaft291istcdriye thetransfer mechanismto cause, mushroom. 11,3 and gripper assembly 52 to turn about an axis para e1 to shaft 29 when a record 'disc is transpor from the magazine to. the turntable, and again when the disc is returned to the magazine The motion train for this taslgbegins at shaft 2 9 (Fig. l), and continues through plate d3 Fig'. 2 pivot id, link 4 5, pivot 46, .quadrantor sector gear M, gear tg, barrel ii i and the gripper assembly 52 (Fig. 4}. Itshould be nbted that this motion train mer es, 51-452 s closed an that the .recorddisc is transported only wheritlie following conditions are satisfied: Firstg shaft 29 is running; second, the gripper assembly 52 isclosed on a record disc; third, the teeth of gear ii are engaging those on. gear iB. Another broadiunction of shaft 29 is topower thefgrip'per assembly to relelase ar'ecord d c. The motion train for this purpose be'gins at shaft 29 and proceeds through earn 55 (Figs. 4 and 10) {lever .55, rack 56 (Fi'gsLfi and 1 3), cluster pinion e1, rack .,58, (Figs, 4., 11 r1cj12), cd1 1 r ma (Fig. 12), pin :05, connecting rnem'be its, shank I61 of the inner gripper BS and 1 n"er gripper member 59. As the inner; gripper miber 59 is pulled away from a record disc, arc E66 movesto the left (Fig. ihanjii theflactiorrofrack portion 6|, gear 62 and rack portion 63, i;s"'uch as to move are '64 and outer gripper 'rri feniber 65 tothe right {Fig.fd), or away, from thatjdi's'c. The power for closing thefgripper members one. ,record disc is derived from a spring 6? (Fig. 13). ,While the high surfaces of cam 5 tend to push lever 55 ina direction .lQrele'zise the grippers, spring ii'lteilds tojpiishjleverfiiin a direction to cl'ose the yenp ers. ,*Ifh'emotibn train for closing the igril i ers is traced. from spring 6'], through elements 55-53, 161,59 and 59-65....

Stillanother broad function, or shaft-.29 is to drive the tone arm cam E53 (Fig. 4) which positions tone arm 24. U

Theside of the record, disc to be laid downon the. turntable is determined by a guiding mechanism 68 (Fig. 7) which cooperates with aprojection or lug 69 (Fig. 10) on the mushroom l8 during transportation.

The novel gripper assembly illustrated in Fig. 4 handles either or 12 inch record discs. The novelmechanism illustrated in Figs. 7, 8, 9 and 14 automatically sets the tone arm in place for either 10 inch or 12 inch records. The transfer mechanism parts illustrated in Figs. 2, 3, 11, 12 and 13 include novel gripper actuating features. The mushroom guiding mechanism illustrated in Figs. '7, 8,9 and 10 hasnovel features. Particulariattention is directed to those four features.

The transfer mechanism andorippeassembly The transfer mechanism comprises a barrel 5|, having the general contour of a pipe joint, with a rectangular axial bore 58 and a transverse bore. The barrel is journaled for rotation by posts 12 and 13 (Figs. 1, 7 and 4) integral with base 29. Slidably mounted in bore 58 is a rectangular rack 56. Integral with the barrel is a gear48, formed with two diametrically opposed flats 14 and '15-,(Figs. 2 and 3), fora purpose to be explained hereinafter. Pivotally secured at 16 (Figs- 2 and 7-) to abracket I1 mounted on base 20, and, projecting through a slotted opening 18 in the base is a quadrant gear 41, formed with flats 88 and-'81. This quadrant-gear is caused to move with an oscillating motion by shaft 29. For this purpose one end of shaft 29 carries a rigidly mounted circularv plate wheel 43 havin an eccentrically mounted pivot 44 for link 45. Link 45 is in turn pivotally secured at 46 to gear 41.

-When a selected record disc reaches the transferposition shaft '29 starts to turn counterclock wise ;(-as viewed from front) and gear 41 starts to move to the left (Fig. 2). The gear moves for a certain interval without turning gear 48, since flat 8| slips "on flat15 until the teeth of gear 41 pick up the teeth of gear 48. During thisinterval the highsurfacek85 (Figs. 9 and 1.0); of cam 54, which-has been keeping integral knob 86 of; ;lever 55-up and the gripper members open, moves clockwise, as seen from the rear, and permits knob 86 to fall down to the low surface of thecam '54, so that spring 61 pushes lever-55 out (clockwise, as seen-from right side, Fig. 13) and; closes the gripper members on the record disc. I 1

Then; gear 41 mesheswith gear 48and turns the whole barrel and gripper assembly 52 clockwise about the axial bore of the. barrel to trans. port the record disc from magazine to turntable. As the record disc is laid on the turntableflat 88 slips on flat 14 (Fig. 2) .so that gear 48'stops before gear 41 does. During that interval between the stopping of gear 48 and stopping of gear 4'|, high surface. 88 of cam 54 (Fig; 10) strikes knob 86, and causes lever 55. (Fig. 13) tobeturned counterclockwise, as seen from ,the right. so that the grippers are opened and the record disc is released. vZBy that time vpivot44 will have reached a position approximately .180 degrees away from that shown in Fig. 2. and shaftZS stops. p .-;After the record disc is played, shaft 29 again turns inthesame direction .as before,but.pin

44 and gear 41 thenvmoveto the right-'(Fig; 2). Flats l4and'88 slip and element 88 clears elemm ,86 while the record is again gripped. Then gear, 4'l;meshes with gear 48 and turns barrel 5| counterclockwise, as viewed from the front, about its axialbore while the record is returned to the magazine.,- Finally-gear .48: stops :Ja'ndcam sure.

6: face lifts knob 86 and causes the grippers to be released while flat 8| slips on flat l5, restoring the initial conditions shown in Figs. 2 and 10. Then shaft 29 and gear 4! stop. A mechanism for obtaining rotation of barrel 5| in two directions while rotating shaft 29 always in one direction is broadly disclosed and claimed in my aforementioned copending application. The mechanism by which I obtain lag between the motions of gears 41 and 48 is a novel featureof the automatic phonograph transfer mechanism herein shown.

. Referring now to Figs. 13 and 10, shaft 29 carries for rotation a rigidly fitted cam 54, the high surface 85 of which lifts knob 86 as the gripper assembly is released from a record disc while at the magazine and the high surface 88 of which lifts knob 86 as the gripper assembly is released from a disc while at the turntable. Cam 54 turns in a clockwise direction, as viewed from the back, during record gripping, delivery to'turntable and return to rack. Lever 55 carries integral knob 86 and has a shaft I08 pivotally mounted on jour nal brackets 90 and 9| secured to post 12. The upper end of lever 55 is bifurcated at 92 and 93 toreceive integral portion 94 of rack 56 (Figs. 12 and 13). Enlarged end 95 of rack 56 overlies these bifurcations, so that rack 56 moves to the front'when lever 55 turns counterclockwise (Fig. 13) 1 and to the rear when lever 55 turns clockwise. 7

Spring 61 has a guide 96on pedestal I2 and compressively bears on pocket 910i lever 55, tending to close the grippers on a record disc. Thus it will be seen that rack 56 is.pulled to the rearwhen a record disc is gripped and is pushed toward the front when a disc is released. Since rack 56 goes back further for a 10 inch record than for a 12 inch record it constitutes a means for detecting the diameter of a record gripped by the gripper assembly. The position of rack 56 indicates the size of a record that has been gripped. Additionally, rack 56 constitutes an actuating member for causing the gripper assembly to grasp a record disc.

Figs. 4, 11, 12 and 13 clearly show how lever 55 controls rack 56. This rack has a solid rectangular portion 98, which snugly slidably fits into axial bore 58' of the barrel. The rack has two rows of teeth Ill! and HI, which mesh, respectively with portions H2 and N3 of pinion 51. Although integral portions 98, 94, 95 are solid the remainder of rack 56 is formed as an open rectangle. The cluster pinion 57 is rotatably mounted on an axle 99, perpendicular to both bores of the barrel and fitted at one end to an aperture at the bottom of the barrel (Fig. 11) and at the top end to'an apertured cap I88 secured in a well in the top of the barrel. The enlarged middle portion H5 of pinion 5'! meshes with rack 58. When the barrel rotates about its axial bore, rack 56 and the spin-axis of pinion 51 turn in unison with the barrel 5| (Fig. 13) The wall of rack 56 is apertured to receive rack 58 (Fig. 13), which slidably projects through that wall. Rack 58 is generally rectangular in shape, one of its sides slidably abutting that side of rack 56 which carries teeth IID, another of its sides slidably abutting that side of rack 56 which carries teeth III. A third side of rack 58 has teeth [[6 engaging the teeth on portion N5 of pinion 51. The fourth side I" iscurved. Rack 58 is freely rotatably mounted on a cylindrical substantially concentric connector member I86, so that rack 58 maintains its engagement with 7i pinion M5 when the connectormember and, mushroom 'lfliarerotated' about the longitudinal axis of the mushroom t8 (1. e. transverse bore of. barrel: 51). 7

Gluster pinion 57 is preferably madein onepiece When rack56: is pushed forwardly to release the.- grippers, pinion 5? turns clockwise (Fig. 4). and rack 58- moves tothe lei-t. Rack 58 is. moved inthe opposite. direction when the grippers are. closed on a record under thepower derived from spring. 61.

One end of rack 58 abuts collar I84 (Fig. '12) andv this collar is rigidly secured to connector-1 06 by a pin M15. The. .other end of rack 58 abuts shankl B]: ofinner gripper. 59. Shank H3 is hollow and is securely. and; rigidly fitted to connector '1 e6; The-outside. of the shank is rectangular in shape and the rectangular shank slidably but closely projects through an opening in the wallede'nd l 2;5. of sleeve Hi3 (Fig. 14)., such opening being complementary and rectangular, whereby sleeve Hi3, shank 10.1, connector lot and coll-ar m4; turn unison within the transverse bore of barrel 52L 7 Elements 58., ie-l, Hi5, L66, it? and 59 movein unison along thecaxis of the. transverse bore. Elements I8, 181, I194, 185, Hit, Nil, 59, H33 turn unison. relative to. barrel iii about that axis, but lack fiilrotatesion connector its and. keeps its teeth in engagement with pinion H5 when those elements turn.

Shank til! andnone end of rack 58 can slide Within the circular bore H9 of sleeve I93, and collar Hi4 and the other end of rack 58 can slide within the rectangular bore i223 of sleeve NH. Sleeve I! is 'integralwith mushroom l8. Sleeves it'll and 1113 are gencrally'cylindrical in exterior shape and. are rotatably mounted within the transverse'circular bore of barrel Relative axial displacement of thesleeves is prevented by screws I21 and H2 projecting through the wall of barrel, 5| into grooves 123 and I24 (Fig. '11). Andeach sleeve has an enlarged head 18 or I25.

Sleeves l-lll and 593 rotate in unison because of the facts that bore 11% is rectangular, collar hi l is rectangular, shank It?! is rectangular, and head iii of sleeve I 03 has a rectangular aperture into which shank ill'l zfits. To further assure this synchronism, I continue the aperture in slee ve Wall 12.5 to form a keyway l 93 for shank l-li'l And I provide a similar keyway I99 for projecting portions of collar [8.4 (Fig. 11

The two end-resultsof the mechanism within the barrel are, therefore: (1) When lever 55 is turned the inner gripper-59 is moved-toward or away from the record .disc; (2) When mushroom .18 is rotated about the transverse bore axis of the barrel, .the gripper $9 and head 125 are also rotated in unison with the mushroom.

Referring now specifically to Figs. i-and of the drawings, the grip-per assembly is next described. It comprises an arcuate gripper support Hi2, having a top wall 1-26, a bottom wall it? and an end wall I28. A fiat arcuate member (it), terminating in a rack section t 'i is rigidly secu-redto inner gripper .56. Ihe racket-engages a pinion 52, rotatably mounted on an axle 129 secured to the gripper support by a screw {3b, plate l3! and screws l -32, 1 33. Rack tl slides between pin I34 and pinion The pinion in turn engages :a rack section 53 .01 an arcuate member iiii, rigidly secured to the outertgripper member 65. Rack section 63 slides between the end wall 128 Of the :gripper support .and pinion 62 ,Are 64 ,isstgbilized and its .motion is limited byapin I35, securedfto the arm 64 and project ing through a slot I36 in the gripper. support. The end wall. I28 is. suitably. apertured atflfiil to permitlimitedmovement. of are 64; When innergripper 5 9 movestoward a recordldisc, outer 'member -65, being synchronized with element 59 by the racks and pinion, also. moves towardthe disc. Conversely, both gripper members are. simultaneously released, from the disc.

Fig. 4 shows the positions. or the. barrelmechanism parts when a record disc hasbeen released, the disc being onv the turntable. The full lines designated A. showv the positions of the. gripper assembly parts when a record disc has been released. Thej dashed lines designated B show the positions of the gripper assembly when a 12'- inch' record I33 is being grasped. It will be noted that whenever the'high surfaces of cam 54 clear knob 88, springs? (Fig. 13 turns lever 55 and causes grippers 58 and 65 (Fig. 4) to be closed on the record disc. If the disc has a i2 inch diameter the record is grasped autom'atical ly when lever 55 has turned clockwise (Fig. 13) by a certain amount. If the disc has a It) inch diameter the record is grasped automatically when lever 55 has turned clockwise (Figf13) by a greater amount; Spring 61- causes the record automatically to be grasped whether it has a 12 inch or 10 inch diameter, so thatno manual adjustment is required. I use this behavior of lever 55 to place the tone arm 24 in position B (Fig. 4 at the beginning of play of "a 12 inch record and in position C. at the beginning of play of a 10 inch record, so that the needle or pickup 1-39 (Fig. 3) is always automatically placed at the beginning of the record disc groove, no manual adjustment beihgrequiredtor the purpose. The tone mm and setting mechanism Secured to head 98 of rack 56 (Fig. 1) is a transversely extending pin M0; The functionof this pin is to prevent'stop member 14'] (Figs. 14 and '4) 'from arresting the main motionof the tone arm setting'member I42" (Fig-s14 and 7) when a 10 inch record is to be played, but to permit that stop member to arrest the radial movement of the tone arin setting member [HZ-when a 12 inch record is'to be played. Securedto post 12 is an L-shaped bracket I514. Stop mern ber I4] is pivotally secured to bracket 144 at'l'45 and the downward swing of the rear end of the stop is limited by an integral pin-I46 bearing on a cut out portion of bracket 14 4. The upward swing of the stop is determined by pin-M0, there fore by head98', therefore by the size ofth record that has been grasped. When a 12 inch record is being grasped head 98 o'f rack 56"causes pin Mo to 'move rearwardly and as'the record disc is' deliveredto the turntable and thetone armis lowered pin MB-strikes thetopsurfac'e of "stop on in front of pivot '14s but does-not swing the stop'counterclockwise (Fig; 14) we sufficient amount to prevent the stop from arifresting .the radial swing of the tone arm" set ting member I42 as the tone armis' lowred into playing position (see run line positions, Fig. 14). When a 10 inch record-is being grasped rack56 causes .p'in M0 to pass rearwardly" by a sufiicient amount to swing stop I4! (Fig." 14) counterclockwise .to :such a'degree that the ra'dial motion of setting member lll'is not arrested by .stop ii 4! and .setting member 1 42 simply slips under stop Ml .as theitonearm 'is'pl ace'dih playing. position, (see Iposition EC, F'ig. 14) l with the control means for positioning the tone arm in accordance with'the size ofthe record. disc grasped and transported is an important feature of the presentinvention. Fora more complete description of the placing'meansl now; make reference to the tone arm 24, shown in Figs; 4, 14, 9, '1, 8 and 1. The initial position of the tone arm as record disc play starts is' a function of two things: the position of the settingmember I42 (Fig. 8) and the position of a .cam follower member I52. I use stop I4I toadjust therelative positions of those members automatically in accordance with the sizeofthe record disc to beplayed.

The mechanism for controlling the cam follower member I 52 is not) described. Referring how'to Figs. 4, 8, and 14', the position of the'jcam its, rigidly secured'to shaft 29, controls the behavior of follower I52. It has heretofore, been shown that shaft 29 turns clockwise, as seen from the rear, when arecord disc is being transported from the magazine to the turntable. As

this occurs, pin I54 on the cam follower is pushed to'the front by cam surface I155jof cam I 53 (Fig.

4) andfollower I 52 drops toca'm' surface 1156 (Fig. 8) This action continueswhile'the tone arm is turned clockwise. (Fig. 4) and its needle or'pickup lowered on to the record disc and until pin I54 registers with pocket I51 in cam' l53. During the record play pin I54is free to move within pocket I51 as the tone arm. 24, traverses the record disc andele'ments 24, I42. I52, I54 then swing radiallytogether. .The'setting element I42 is free to turn because it always ultimately passes below vstop.,.I4I. as the tone. arm

needleislowered on to the record :disc; whether a' 10 1inchora 12inchrecord is-to be played; :.It has been shown that; element 142 strikes. element I4I .as the tone arm is turned-clockwise (Figs. 1 and 14, to displace the setting member I42 from its normal angular position with respect to the cam follower I52, in the case of a 12 inch record, and thereafter element I42 falls below element a I I 4 IQas the tone arm needle is lowered to the turntable.

The tone'arm is pivotally mounted on the base 20 by a post I 58, rotatably mounted in a well I59 (Fig. i 8) integral with a support I50. Support I II and I82 are in contact element I42 does not swing but element I52continues to swing. Thus I displace element I42 in a counterclockwise di- Let it be assumed that a 12 inch record ha just been played and that a inch record is next I and journal ISI (Fig. 7) forshaft'29 are seicured'tobaseZI). ,Nut IEZ (Fig. 8) on post I58 gives vertical support to setting element I42and the upper portion of cam follower I52. Thus it will be'seen'that the position 'of'cam follower I52 is controlled by cam I58. The angular position' of setting element l4 2,wh'ile 'thejtone arm is being placed in playing position, is entirely controlled by' followe r I52 when a lil inchrecord is to be'pIayedQ l -lowever, w ns-'12 inch record is to be'played,-stop I4I strikestsetting element 'I 42 and, arrests the clockwisefl'Fig "4.) swing" of tone arm" 24, j ust'before cam surface" I56 permits the tone arm to belowered'into playing position.

While elements to be played. It is then necessary to, provide a means for displacing member I52 in 'a clockwise direction and restoring the normal angular relationofmembersI42 and I52 before the 10 inch record is played. I do this at the end of thelZ inch record program, by the interaction of member I52 with an adjustable rear stop I55, screwed on to bracket I61, secured to support I55 (Fig. '7). Members I82 and I52, being in frictional engagement, maintain their relative angular positions except when members I66 or IM act on element 152- When a record disc is returned from the turn- .table to the magazine the following events occur: Shaft 28 turns counterclockwise, as seen from front; gear 41 movespflat 88 slips onflat 14; cam surface .88 (Fig. 10) clears knob 86; grippers 59 and55closeon the record disc and gear 48 turns; cam surface I69 on tone arm cam I53 (Fig. 4) pushes pin-I54; to the rear while cam surface I18 (Fig. 8),lifts the cam follower I52; the tone arm is lifted upwardly and swung radially outwardly away from the turntable and setting element I82 strikes stop I66 (Fig. '1), thus realigning members I 42. and I52 and restoring the normal relative angular positions which they assume for 10 inch record play; the gripped record is returnedto the magazine and finally released as cam surface 85 lifts knob 85 (Fig. 13).

The turntable 22 and the means for controlling and drivingit during record playare conventional and need not be further described herein. Thus it will be seen that I provide adjustable means-including members I42 and I52 for-coupling the tone arm to the transfer mechanism. This means is normally operative to placethe tone armin playing position for. a 10 inch record. I also provide means including member I II for adjusting the coupling means automatically to placethe tone arm in proper playing position for a 12 inch record disc. H According to one feature of my invention there is provided a novel guiding mechanism 88 for determining which side of a'record disc is to be played. 'As clearly shown in Figs. 9, 10, 7, 11 and 13 this mechanism comprises an arcuate guide member I1I a lug or projection 69 on the mushroom I8 and a switch I12. Guide member I1I is made in one piece and is formed with a straight slot I13 (Fig. 9) and two curved branch slots I14 and I15 (Fig. 7) in communication with slot I13. Theyguide member has two turned-down portions I15 and I11 screwed to posts 12 and 13 (Fig. '1). The switchis secured to a shifter member I18 by a spacer I'IQ 'and rivets I88, I8I

QWhen a record is moved from the magazine to the turntable, lug 69 on mushroom I8 rides initially in slot I12 andthereafter in slot I14,

7 if the shifter I18 andswitch I12 are'thrown to 'In'that case the angular positionbf setting e'le- 'ment I42 is controlled not'on by followerfi52 but also by; stop rnember ",I 41,.

the left (Fig; 7)"or in slot- I15 if the shifter I18 and switch I12jare thrown to the right (Fig. '1).

'When lug 69 rides in slot I14 as the barrel ro- I tates the mushroom I8 is turned clockwise, looking at the mushroom, about the transverse bore-axis' of the barrel BI, and the record disc e cen a e is laid on the .turntablewith its, .front Eig.. .1)

side up. When lugfiflrides in slot. I15, the mushroom [8 is turned counterclockwise .and the record disc is .laidon the turntable. with itsrear side up. The function of the shifter switch H2 7 is to cause the lug "69 to be guided to one -or the other of slots I'M, H5. It'has beenshown how the gripper assembly and the gripped record are turned about an axis in the plane of the record whenever mushroom l8is turned. The

guide member Ill and switch l'l2,.by controlling lug 69, thereforev control the direction of the twist imparted to the record disc during transportation between magazine and turntable.

When a record-is returned to the rack, lug .89 initially slides in one of the slots H4 or I and then in slot 113'. The ninety-degree twist imparted to the record during return is equal and opposite to that imparted to it during delivery; 7

The shifter I'Hl'is slotted :at I82, I83 andsecured to posts l2, 13 (Fig. 7) by screws I84, 1'85, whereby it can bethrown'tozfront' (slotf|15 open) and rear (slot H4 open) positions to cause the rear or front side 'of 'a'recorddiscto be played. The shifter is coupled to the'magazinemechanism 2| by suitable 'means,'nothere shown or per se claimed but efully-disclosed'in the :aforementioned Green patentgsothat slot FM governs the mushroom twist if the last *motion-pf the magazine before the transfer position was reached by the record disc was towardt'he'front, but so that slot I15 governs if such motion-wa s toward the rear.

The curved slots H4 and H5 and lugSQ-render the mushroom and guide a very-smooth-acting mechanism. Further, the "shifter and switch afford apositive control action-and dispense with springs.

While there has been "shown "and-described what is at present consideredtobe the preferred embodiment of the 'present'invention, it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that various modifications and substitutions of equivalents may be made without departinglfrom the iteachings of the invention and the proper scope thereof and it is accordingly intended in the appended claims to vcover allsuch .changesand modifications as fall within the .true scope of the invention and outside of the .scope of the prior art.

Having thus describedimy invention, Ieclaim:

1. man automatic phonographrecordchangmember to cause saidgripperimechanism to gripa' record disc, said actuating member assumingone position when a 12 inch record disc is gripped and another positionwhen.ailil-inchirecord is gripped,

driving means :for intermittently :rotating said barrel about itsaxialboreito transportra gripped record disc between storage and playing p'osi-- tions a' tones-rm, adjustablezmeans couplingrsaid tone. arm to said transfer mechanism .rand normally, operative-to piaceisaid :tone'rarm inlplaying position for-a 10 inch recordidisc=wheniasrecord disc is placed in ;playing positiomand a shiftable mechanical connection :responsive ito movement :of said-,actuatinglmember tor-.adiustingsaid: couplingimeans, whereby said stoneiarml-is automatireally placed in playingposition. for ,a 4 12 inch record whemasrecorddisc oftthat size is trans- .ported.,from -storage positi0n to playing position.

.In an .automatic record. changer, the combination of aitransfer mechanism for transporting ,a :record (disc between. 1 storage and playin positions, a tonesa-rm, means includedinsaid transfer mechanism for mechanically detecting the diameter of, alrecord discrbeing transported, .means mechanically icoupled to said transfer mechanism, for placing said tone. "arm in either .of a,plurality of separate: playing positions, 1 and control,meansiresponsive to the action of-said detecting; means for controlling said tone-arm placing means in accordance with the diameter ,of the record =disc being transported by said transfer mechanism, ,whereby, said tone arm placed ,in different playing positions for record discs .of different diameters.

*3." Theconibination .in accordance with claim "2; and whereinrthermeans for mechanically detecting the diameter of a record disc comprises apairof gripper members and a gripper-actuatingmember movableuto .difierent positions to clamp saidgripper.members on a record disc, each .o'fsaid positions furnishingan indication of the diameter of the discbeinggripped.

4. The combinationlin accordance with claim '2" and'inwhich thelast-named control means comprises a. pivotally mounted stop .member responsive to action .offthedetecting means for arresting the motion, ofgatileast one part of the tone-arm placing vmeans.

"5. In an.automaticrecordchanger, the combination. of a transfermechanism :for transporting a; record disc between. storage and transfer positions, a tone ,arm, means included in said transfer mechanism for mechanically detectin whether the record disc xbeing transported has a 10 linchpor. 12 ,inch diameter, means mechanically coupled to said transfer mechanism for placing said tone armin either of two separate playing positions and" normally. operative to place the tone armin playingl ositionv fora ,10 inch record disc,'and control means responsiveflto the action of said detecting means for controllin said tone-arm placing'means to cause it to place the tone armrin playing position for a 12 inch record'dis-c when a-"12Jinch'record disc is being transported' 6. In anautomaticrecord changer, the, combinationofatransfer mechanism for transporting a record disc "between storage and playing positions, a tonearm, means includedin said transfer mechanism .for mechanically detecting Whether the record disc? being transportedlhasa 10 inch or a 12 inch diameter, meansmechanically coupledito said transfer mechanismforplacing said tone .arm in either oftwoseparate playing positions and normally operative ,to place ,the tone arm. in playing,.position.for.,a 10, inch record disc, controlmeans responsivetotheaction of said detectingimeans forcontrollingsaid tone-arm placing means tocause i-t toplace the tone arm in playing position fora 12inch record disc when a 12 inch record :disc is being transported, and means for restoring said. arm placing means to its normally operative condition when said tone arm ..is withdrawngfromfplaying position and a 12. inch.recorddisc-iszreturned toxstorage position.

'7. Ini'anautomatic recordchanger of the type including-a magazine, -.a turntable and a tone arm, Lthe combination of a ,pivotally mounted transfer barrel having axial and transverse bores, a gripper mechanism rotatably journaled in said transverse bore for gripping and releasing either inch or 12 inch record discs, means for imparting to said gripper mechanism a quarter turn about said transverse bore during transportation of a record disc from storage position to playing position, means for actuating said gripper mechanism to grip a record disc before it is taken from storage position and to release said disc when it is placed in playing position, said means including an actuating member slidably and nonrotatably mounted in but projecting from said axial bore, said actuating member assuming one position when a 10 inch record disc is gripped and another position when a 12 inch record disc is gripped, means for rotating said barrel and actuating member about said axial bore to transport a gripped record disc from storage position to playing position, a pivotally mounted stop lever, means projecting transversely from said actuating member for turning said lever by an amount determined by the diameter of the record disc being transported, and adjustable means for swinging said tone arm toward said turntable as a record disc is transported to playing position, said stop lever engaging said adjustable means to place said tone arm in a proper playing position determined by the diameter of said record disc.

8. In an automatic phonograph a transfer mechanism comprising, in combination, a pivotally mounted barrel formed with axial and transverse bores, said barrel being rotatable about its axial bore, a pair of sleeves rotatably carried by said transverse bore, one of said sleeves having an apertured end wall and the other of said sleeves having a closed end wall and a bore, a pair of synchronized record grippers including a shank slidably but non-rotatably projecting through the complementary aperture in said one of said sleeves, said grippers being opened and closed by displacement of said shank relative to said one of said sleeves, means including a hollow rack abutting said shank and a connector member projecting from the shank through the rack and a collar rigidly secured to the connector member for displacing said shank, said collar being slidably but non-rotatably mounted within the bore in said other sleeve, said rack being rotatably mounted on said connector member, a cluster pinion secured to said barrel for driving said rack, whereby said grippers and shank and sleeves and connector and collar are rotatable in unison with respect t said transverse bore, while said pinion prevents rotation of said rack Within said transverse bore, and an actuating rack non-rotatably but slidably mounted in said axial bore for driving said cluster pinion and actuating said grippers, the position assumed by said actuating rack when a record disc has been gripped depending on the diameter of the disc.

9. The combination in accordance with claim 8 in which said other sleeve has a projection on its end wall, and guide means including a switch for engaging said projection to turn the grippers relative to said transverse bore during rotation of said barrel on its pivotal axis.

10. In an automatic phonograph, a transfer comprising a pivotally mounted barrel, gripping means rotatably mounted in the barrel and including a projection presented at one end of the barrel, a guide including a straight slot and intersecting alternate diverging slots mounted adjacent the barrel so that said projection is guided by one of said slots, and a switch shiftably mounted on the guide at the intersection of said slots so that when it is moved in one direction or the other one of said diverging slots engages said projection to turn the gripping means laterally in accordance with the position of the switch.

ANTHONY M. KASNOWICH.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date Re.21,514 Green July 23, 1940 1,401,429 Moone Dec. 27, 1921 1,741,040 Seal et a1. Dec. 24, 1929 1,811,832 Mayers June 23, 1931 1,907,500 Chiffey May 9, 1933 1,968,245 Bussoz July 31, 1934 2,118,541 Yerder May 24, 1938 2,205,268 Mitchell June 18, 1940 2,298,145 Merrylees Oct. 6, 1942 2,311,596 Pressley Feb. 16, 1943 2,337,178 Breslav Dec. 21, 1943 2,352,331 Leline June 27, 1944 2,490,678 Dale Dec. 6, 1949 2,546,845 Andres Mar. 2'7, 1951 

